Pro tip right there!
It depends on what containers you are using as far as for when to transfer.
We changed to fabric grow bags about 30 years ago long before they became popular. We then more than doubled our yields since then.
After the solo cup phase we transfer to 1 gallon bags and allow them to air prune and once the parallel branching is sufficient, we go to 3 gallon then finish off in 5 gallon close to the end of the bloom cycle and stay in 5 through flower.
I’d recommend after each yield to photograph and weigh your roots and keep that data it as part of your strain grow logs. Through using air bags and air pruning you can more than double the mass of the roots which have a visible massive impact on the colas. .
We also do core sample every 5-10 days and retain them for analysis and they are good for about 2 weeks. I know many say coring will damage / stresses the roots too much but I’ve found as long as the tap root isn’t get damaged there’s no stunting. Surface soil does not work due to fertilizer migration in the soil and I measure that the core is taken exactly 6" from the top each time.
Though certainly nutrients play a big part (not just saying that because we manufacture them).
I’m also a big believer of inert grow medium so you have a precise control of the nutrients the plant receives at the different stages.