At a loss for layout and method

They are widely available. They are usually found under furniture grade fittings or pipe. You are correct about $$. But if you are OK with colors or some appearance imperfections, the are priced much more reasonably.

The exterior dimensions are approx. 24x24". I did a thread on the frames I made for the closet.

this table may be of use. I used 1 1/4 pipe and 1" pipe because the smaller fits inside the larger.

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